In Russia, wind erosion manifests itself within certain limits. In the north – this is an irregularly shaped line from Voronezh in the direction to the East. The border goes through Samara, Chelyabinsk, Petrozavodsk, Omsk. Further – to Novosibirsk and then to Eastern Siberia, through Khakassia, Buryatia, Tuva, Chita region. Because of this, on agricultural land located to the south, measures are taken to protect against wind erosion. High risks for wind erosion are present in the Volga region, the North Caucasus, the Urals, and Siberia. The area at risk is over 45 million hectares, including 38.7 million hectares of arable land.
Processes of land degradation and soil erosion in Russia
As follows from the land balance data, 36.5 million hectares of agricultural land in Russia are subject to water erosion. Of these, 24.7 million hectares are arable land. This erosion is caused by melt and storm water. Most often this happens in the forest-steppe. The territories in the Central Black Earth zone, in the Volga region, in the Central region, in the North Caucasus are most susceptible to water erosion. The volume of melt water in these regions ranges from 80 to 100 millimeters.
The non-chernozem zone is characterized by tfrom Whatsapp Mobile Number List accconstantly in danger of erosion.
To a large extent affected by land erosion in countries such as Canada, China, India, Australia, most African, European and Asian states. For example, in just three centuries the Sahara desert has moved 400 kilometers to the South.
Ecological crisis: causes, signs, problems, examples and solutions
In the United States, by the second half of the 1950s, erosion had destroyed almost 40 million hectares of arable land. To date, almost 115 million hectares of arable land have been destroyed or seriously damaged. Another 313 million hectares are damaged by erosion.
In Russia, erosion began to spread intensively at the end of the 19th century. The destruction of forest vegetation, the development of new lands with the use of moldboard plowing, the destruction of grassy vegetation, and also the low level of agricultural technologies ensured the rapid development of erosion. The Central Black Earth zone suffered the most.
According to 1946 data, 41.2% of the land in this territory was arable land, 20% was occupied by forests, and 23.2% was uncultivated land (virgin lands).
In just a year, the share of arable land increaseed Latest Mailing Database appd to 69%. According to the data of 1914, this figure was 80%. By this time, the area of forests had decreased to 6-7%. Today, the area of arable land and this territory exceeds 90%.
As follows from the data of the State Committee for Land Resources, there are 210 million hectares of agricultural land in Russia. More than 117 million hectares are subject to water and wind erosion.